SAP ABAP DEVELOPER ALV Basics – Understanding REUSE_ALV List and Grid Display

SAP ABAP ALV Tutorial (REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY & REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY) with Examples

Learn SAP ABAP ALV Reporting step by step using REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY and REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY with real-time examples, interview questions, and complete explanations.

This guide is perfect for beginners and intermediate SAP ABAP developers.

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• SAP ABAP ALV, ALV Report in SAP,
•  REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY with  example,
•  REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY with  example,
•  SAP ALV tutorial for beginners,
•  ALV field catalog, SAP reporting tools,
•  ABAP interview questions

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📌 What is ALV in SAP ABAP?

ALV (ABAP List Viewer) is a standard SAP tool used to display data in a structured and interactive table format.

It provides powerful features like:

• Sorting
• Filtering
• Subtotals & totals
• Export to Excel
• Layout saving

👉 ALV makes SAP reports user-friendly and professional.

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🎯 Why Use ALV in SAP ABAP?

Compared to classical reports (WRITE statements), ALV provides:

• Better user experience
• Less development effort
• Standard SAP UI
• Flexible data display
• Interactive features

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📂 Types of ALV in SAP ABAP

Type	Description
ALV List	Simple list output
ALV Grid	Interactive table (Excel-like)
OO ALV	Object-Oriented ALV

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🔧 Important ALV Function Modules

Function Module	Description
REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY	Displays data in list format
REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY	Displays data in grid format
REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE	Generates field catalog

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🔍 ALV vs Classical Reports

Feature	Classical Report	ALV Report
Format	Text-based	Table format
User Interaction	No	Yes
Filtering	No	Yes
Export	No	Yes

👉 Conclusion: ALV is always preferred in real-time projects.

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🧾 SAP ABAP ALV Example – List Display

✔ Using REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY

DATA: it_mara TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF mara.
SELECT * FROM mara INTO TABLE it_mara UP TO 20 ROWS.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
  EXPORTING
    i_callback_program = sy-repid
    i_structure_name   = 'MARA'
  TABLES
    t_outtab           = it_mara.

🧾 SAP ABAP ALV Example – Grid Display

✔ Using REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

DATA: it_mara TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF mara.
SELECT * FROM mara INTO TABLE it_mara UP TO 20 ROWS.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
  EXPORTING
    i_callback_program = sy-repid
    i_structure_name   = 'MARA'
  TABLES
    t_outtab           = it_mara.

📊 What is Field Catalog in ALV?

Field Catalog controls how columns appear in ALV.

It defines:

• Field name
• Column text
• Length
• Editable fields
• Key fields

✔ Example:

wa_fcat-fieldname = 'MATNR'.
wa_fcat-seltext_m = 'Material'.
APPEND wa_fcat TO it_fcat.

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🎨 ALV Layout Structure

Layout (SLIS_LAYOUT_ALV) controls design:

• Zebra pattern
• Column width
• Colors
• Totals

✔ Example:

layout-zebra = 'X'.

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✍️ Top 10 SAP ABAP ALV Interview Questions

1. What is ALV?

ALV is a tool to display data in structured format with advanced features.

2. Difference between LIST and GRID?

• LIST → Simple display
• GRID → Interactive display

3. What is Field Catalog?

Controls column properties in ALV.

4. How to create Field Catalog?

Using SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV internal table.

5. What is Layout?

Controls ALV appearance.

6. How to enable editing?

Set field catalog EDIT = 'X'.

7. What are ALV Events?

Used for custom actions (click, double-click).

8. What is TOP-OF-PAGE?

Used to display header in ALV.

9. Can we color ALV rows?

Yes, using COLOR field.

10. Which ALV is best?

Grid ALV for real-time projects.

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📌 When to Use ALV?

Use ALV when:

• You need structured reports
• Users need filtering/sorting
• Data export is required
• Working with large datasets

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🚀 Final Conclusion

ALV is an essential concept in SAP ABAP reporting.
Using function modules like:

• REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
• REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

You can create professional and interactive reports quickly.

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