SAP ABAP Control Break Statements – Complete Guide with AT FIRST, AT NEW & AT END OF Examples

📘 SAP ABAP Control Break Statements – Complete Guide with Example

Learn about Control Break Statements in SAP ABAP including AT FIRST, AT NEW, AT END OF, AT LAST, and ON CHANGE OF. Includes a real-time example program with explanation and output. Perfect for SAP ABAP beginners and developers.

1. SAP ABAP Control Break Statements
2. AT NEW ABAP example
3. AT END OF ABAP tutorial
4. ABAP loop control
5. SAP ABAP report programming
6. AT FIRST, AT LAST in ABAP
7. SAP ABAP internal table sorted

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📘 Introduction

In SAP ABAP, control break statements are used to trigger events inside a loop. They are essential for creating grouped or hierarchical reports, especially when working with sorted internal tables.

There are 5 main control break statements in ABAP:

1. AT FIRST – ENDAT
2. AT NEW – ENDAT
3. AT END OF – ENDAT
4. AT LAST – ENDAT
5. ON CHANGE OF FIELD.

SAP ABAP Loop Control Tutorial: 

How to Use AT NEW, AT END OF, AT FIRST, AT LAST, & ON CHANGE OF  FIELD.

🧠 Key Control Break Statements Explained

Statement	Triggered When
AT FIRST	Triggered at the first record of the loop
AT LAST	Triggered at the last record of the loop
AT NEW	Triggered at the first occurrence of a new value in a field
AT END OF	Triggered at the last occurrence of a value in a field
ON CHANGE OF	Triggered whenever the specified field value changes; can also be used outside loops

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📌 Detailed Explanation

1. AT FIRST – ENDAT

1. Executes only once at the first record of a loop.
2. Useful for printing headers or initializing counters.

2. AT LAST – ENDAT

1. Executes only once at the last record of a loop.
2. Often used to print footers or totals.

3. AT NEW <field> – ENDAT

1. Executes when a new value of a field is encountered.
2. Example: Display Material Type heading when the value changes in sorted table.

4. AT END OF <field> – ENDAT

1. Executes at the last occurrence of a field value.
2. Useful for calculating totals or counts for grouped data.

5. ON CHANGE OF <field>

1. Executes whenever a field value changes.
2. Can be used inside or outside loops.
3. Often used in reporting to detect changes in key fields.

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📌 Notes

1. Works only with sorted internal tables.
2. Very useful for grouped reports by key fields.
3. Supports nested levels, e.g., an AT NEW inside another AT NEW.

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🟦 Example Program – SAP ABAP Control Break Statements

Requirement

Control Break Statements in SAP ABAP – Step-by-Step Example Program with Output

Display Material Master Data grouped by Material Type (MTART) and count total materials for each type.

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📌 Notes :
To learn more on basic information types decleration, constant,
parameters click on the below.
SAP ABAP First Program – Complete Beginner

REPORT zmm_type_str_2.

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_mara,
         mtart TYPE mtart,
         matnr TYPE matnr,
         ersda TYPE ersda,
       END OF ty_mara.

DATA: lt_mara TYPE SORTED TABLE OF ty_mara WITH UNIQUE KEY matnr,
      wa_mara TYPE ty_mara.

" Step 1: Select Material Data
SELECT mtart, matnr, ersda
  INTO TABLE @lt_mara
  FROM mara
  UP TO 50 ROWS
  WHERE mtart IN ('FERT', 'HALB', 'ROH').

" Step 2: Display grouped data
DATA: lv_count TYPE i VALUE 0.

LOOP AT lt_mara INTO wa_mara.

  AT FIRST.
    WRITE: / 'Material List Grouped by MTART'.
    ULINE.
  ENDAT.

  AT NEW mtart.
    WRITE: / 'Material Type:', wa_mara-mtart.
    lv_count = 0.
  ENDAT.

  WRITE: / ' ->', wa_mara-matnr, wa_mara-ersda.
  lv_count = lv_count + 1.

  AT END OF mtart.
    WRITE: / ' Total Materials:', lv_count.
    ULINE.
  ENDAT.

  AT LAST.
    WRITE: / '*** End of Report ***'.
  ENDAT.

ENDLOOP.

🎯 Summary

• Control Break Statements help in grouping, totaling, and formatting reports.

• Use AT FIRST and AT LAST for headers/footers.

• Use AT NEW and AT END OF to group by key fields.

• ON CHANGE OF is flexible and can be used inside or outside loops.

• Essential for real-time SAP ABAP reporting scenarios..